Data communication network to provide hop count data for user equipment selection of a wireless relay

ABSTRACT

A wireless relay attaches to a wireless base station and broadcasts a wireless hop count. Another wireless relay receives the wireless hop count and attaches to the wireless relay. The other wireless relay increments the wireless hop count and broadcasts the incremented wireless hop count. The wireless relays receive attachment requests from User Equipment (UEs) responsive to their wireless hop counts. The wireless relays exchange user data with the UEs after the attachments.

RELATED CASES

This United States Patent Application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/247,332 that was filed on Aug. 25, 2016 and is entitled “DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORK TO PROVIDE HOP COUNT DATA FOR USER EQUIPMENT SELECTION OF A WIRELESS RELAY.” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/247,332 is hereby incorporated by reference into this United States Patent Application.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Wireless communication networks exchange user data between communication devices to facilitate various data services, like Internet access, voice calling, video calling, audio streaming, media streaming, gaming, data messaging, and the like. Wireless communication networks allow users to move about as they communicate. A popular form of wireless communication network is Long Term Evolution (LTE). Wireless relays are used to extend the coverage area of wireless networks including LTE networks.

The wireless relays serve user devices and exchange user data with wireless base stations or another network gateway. In LTE networks, femto-cell relays and pico-cell relays exchange user data and user signaling over the air between User Equipment (UE) and eNodeBs. The wireless relays also exchange data and signaling between the UEs and a Secure Gateway (Se-GW) over a Local Area Network/Wide Area Network (LAN/WAN). These wireless relay communications use various combinations of Ethernet, Data over Cable System Interface Specification (DOCSIS), Wave Division Multiplex (WDM), Wireless Fidelity (WIFI), Long Term Evolution (LTE), WIFI/LTE Aggregation (LWA), or some other data communication protocol. Wireless relays may be connected to other wireless relays in a daisy chain configuration.

Wireless relays and other wireless access points broadcast System Information Blocks (SIBs) that include network information. For instance, the SIB-9 includes information related to a wireless relay's Home eNodeB. UEs can use the network information broadcasted in the SIBs to attach to a wireless access point/communication network.

OVERVIEW

A wireless relay attaches to a wireless base station and broadcasts a wireless hop count. Another wireless relay receives the wireless hop count and attaches to the wireless relay. The other wireless relay increments the wireless hop count and broadcasts the incremented wireless hop count. The wireless relays receive attachment requests from User Equipment (UEs) responsive to their wireless hop counts. The wireless relays exchange user data with the UEs after the attachments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following description and associated figures teach the best mode of the invention. For the purpose of teaching inventive principles, some conventional aspects of the best mode may be simplified or omitted. The following claims specify the scope of the invention. Note that some aspects of the best mode may not fall within the scope of the invention as specified by the claims. Thus, those skilled in the art will appreciate variations from the best mode that fall within the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described below can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. As a result, the invention is not limited to the specific examples described below, but only by the claims and their equivalents.

FIG. 1 illustrates a data communication network to provide hop count data for User Equipment (UE) selection of a wireless relay.

FIG. 2 illustrates the operation of the data communication network to provide hop count data for UE selection of a wireless relay.

FIG. 3 illustrates the operation of the data communication network to provide hop count data for UE selection of a wireless relay.

FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of a data communication network to provide hop count data for UE selection of a wireless relay.

FIG. 5 illustrates a Long Term Evolution (LTE) data communication network to provide hop count data for UE selection of a wireless relay.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a wireless relay.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a UE.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description and associated figures teach the best mode of the invention. For the purpose of teaching inventive principles, some conventional aspects of the best mode may be simplified or omitted. The following claims specify the scope of the invention. Note that some aspects of the best mode may not fall within the scope of the invention as specified by the claims. Thus, those skilled in the art will appreciate variations from the best mode that fall within the scope of the invention, and that the features described below can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. As a result, the invention is not limited to the specific examples described below, but only by the claims and their equivalents.

FIG. 1 illustrates data communication network 100 to provide hop count data for User Equipment (UE) selection of a wireless relay. Data communication network 100 includes macro base station 150, wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141, UEs 101-103, and communication links 111-113. Macro base station 150 includes network control system 160. In this example, network control system 160 is included as part of macro base station 150, although alternate configurations are possible. Communication link 111 connects macro base station 150, wireless relay 121, wireless relay 131, wireless relay 141, and UE 101. Communication link 112 connects macro base station 150, wireless relay 122, wireless relay 132, and UE 102. Communication link connects macro base station 150, wireless relay 123, and UE 103.

Communication links 111-113 may use any of a variety of communication media, such as air, metal, optical fiber, or any other signal propagation path, including combinations thereof. Also, communication links 111-113 may use any of a variety of communication protocols, such as Internet, telephony, optical networking, wireless communication, Wireless Fidelity (WIFI), Long Term Evolution (LTE), or any other communication protocols and formats, including combinations thereof. Communication links 111-113 could be a direct link or may include intermediate networks, systems, or devices. Communication links 111-113 are representative and may vary.

In some examples, macro base station 150 may comprise an eNodeB. Although not required, wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 may comprise femto-cell and pico-cell base stations. Examples of UEs 101-103 include wireless communication devices such as a telephone, cellular phone, mobile phone, smartphone, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), laptop, computer, e-book, eReader, mobile Internet appliance, or some other wireless communication device with a wireless transceiver—including combinations thereof.

In operation, wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 receive hop count data, and in response, increment their individual hop count. Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 wirelessly broadcast relay LTE System Information Blocks (SIBs) indicating their individual hop counts. In some examples, wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 broadcast their individual hop counts in the SIB-9.

Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 receive wireless UE attachments responsive to the relay LTE SIB broadcasts of their individual hop counts. In some examples, the LTE SIBs also include wireless relay capabilities data (e.g. gaming, video streaming, audio streaming, voice calling, video calling, Beam Forming (BF), Carrier Aggregation (CA), Voice over LTE (VoLTE), Device-to-Device (D2D), Video over LTE (ViLTE)), transmission power, average SNR, average RF signal quality, average latency, number of simultaneous users, location, SNR, load, and/or other network data—including combinations thereof.

Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 increment their individual relay hop count data before broadcasting to the next wireless relay in the chain. For example, macro base station 150 may have a relay hop count of zero, representing zero hops to the macro base station. Macro base station 150 broadcasts to wireless relays 121-123. Wireless relays 121-123, each increment their individual relay hop count data before broadcasting to subsequent wireless relays in their daisy chain configuration. Therefore, wireless relays 121-123 broadcast a hop count of one; wireless relays 131-132 broadcast a hop count of two; and wireless relay 141 broadcasts a hop count of three.

Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 receive wireless UE attachments from UEs 101-103, responsive to the relay LTE SIB broadcasts of their individual hop counts. In one example, UE 101 may be requesting a VoLTE session, which is sensitive to latency, therefore a wireless relay with a relay hop count of one or lower may be selected. In another example, UEs and/or applications running on the UEs may have relay hop count thresholds. For instance, a UE may select a wireless relay based on the relay hop count threshold associated with the requested service.

In another example, UE 101 may request a video streaming service and select wireless relay 141 based on media service name information in the SIB-9 of wireless relay 141 that indicates that wireless relay 141 is capable of providing video streaming service. In other examples, a populated SIB-9 indicates the wireless access point is a wireless relay and a UE or other device requesting service should avoid attaching to wireless access points with populated SIB-9.

FIG. 2 illustrates the operation of data communication network 100 to provide hop count data for UEs 101-103 selection of wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141. Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 receive a hop count and increment their individual hop counts (201). In some examples, wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 will determine their individual hop count upon power up, such as when a wireless relay is first installed. Although not required, wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 may periodically determine and/or update their individual hop counts. Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 may receive and transfer hop count data over a LTE-WWI link Aggregation (LWA) connection or a LTE Robust Header Compression (RoHC) connection.

Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 wirelessly broadcast relay LTE SIBs indicating their individual hop counts (202). If UEs 101-103 select a wireless relay from wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 (203), then the selected wireless relay receives a wireless UE attachment from the UE, responsive to the relay LTE SIB broadcasts of their individual hop counts (204). If UEs 101-103 do not select a wireless relay from wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 (205), then UEs 101-103 may continue to monitor LTE SIBs to select a wireless relay or macro base station.

FIG. 3 illustrates the operation of data communication network 100 to provide hop count data for UE selection of wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141. Data communication network 100 comprises wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 that serve UEs 101-103. Macro base station 150 transfers a hop count to wireless relay 121 (i.e. hop count A). Wireless relay 121 receives hop count A=0, wireless relay 121 increments hop count A to one and broadcasts a hop count of one in its LTE SIBs. Wireless relay 121 transfers hop count A to connected wireless relay 131. Wireless relay 131 receives hop count A=1. increments hop count A to two and broadcasts a hop count of two in its LTE SIBs. Wireless relay 131 transfers hop count A to connected wireless relay 141. Wireless relay 141 receives hop count A=2. increments hop count A to three and broadcasts a hop count of three in its LTE SIBs.

Macro base station 150 transfers a hop count to wireless relay 122 (i.e. hop count B). Wireless relay 122 receives hop count B=0, wireless relay 122 increments hop count B to one and broadcasts a hop count of one in its LTE SIBs. Wireless relay 122 transfers hop count B to connected wireless relay 132. Wireless relay 132 receives hop count B=1. increments hop count B to two and broadcasts a hop count of two in its LTE SIBs. Macro base station 150 transfers a hop count to wireless relay 123 (i.e. hop count C). Wireless relay 122 receives hop count C=0, wireless relay 123 increments hop count C to one and broadcasts a hop count of one in its LTE SIBs.

FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of data communication network to provide hop count data for UE selection of a wireless relay. Macro base station 150 transfers a hop count to wireless relay 121 (i.e. hop count A). Wireless relay 121 receives hop count A=0, wireless relay 121 increments hop count A to one and broadcasts a hop count of one in its LTE SIBs. Wireless relay 121 transfers hop count A to connected wireless relay 131. Wireless relay 131 receives hop count A=1. increments hop count A to two and broadcasts a hop count of two in its LTE SIBs. Wireless relay 131 transfers hop count A to connected wireless relay 141. Wireless relay 141 receives hop count A=2. increments hop count A to three and broadcasts a hop count of three in its LTE SIBs. Although not required, a wireless relay may have hop count data for other connected wireless relays. For example, wireless relay 121 may also have hop count data for wireless relays 131 and 141; wireless relay 131 may also have hop count data for wireless relay 141; and wireless relay 141 only has its own hop count data. UE selects a wireless relay based on the hop count data in the broadcasted LTE SIBs and sends an attach request to selected wireless relay 121.

Although not required, UE 101 may comprise a hotspot device (i.e. a device that offers a wireless communication connection to other devices). UE 101 receives network access data from the broadcasted LTE SIBs and detects that wireless relay 141 comprise a femto-cell base stations, wireless relay 131 comprises a pico-cell base station, and wireless relay 121 comprises an eNodeB. UE 101 selects wireless relay 121 to avoid connecting to a femto-cell or pico-cell base station.

In some examples, a source wireless relay may use the hop count data to select a target wireless relay for handoff. For instance, the source wireless relay may select a wireless relay with weaker RF signal but a lower relay hop count compared to another wireless relay with a stronger RF signal and a higher relay hop count.

FIG. 5 illustrates LTE communication system 500 to provide hop count data for UE selection of a wireless relay. LTE communication system 500 comprises: UEs 501-503, femto-cell relay 510, pico-cell relay 520, macrocell eNodeB 521, Serving Gateway (S-GW) 531, Mobility Management Entity (MME) 532, Home Subscriber System (HSS) 533, Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW) 534, Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) 535, Accounting system (ACCT) 536, R-GW 537, Security Gateway (Se-GW) 538, and routers 551-553.

Femto-cell relay 510 is coupled to router 551 over a Local Area Network (LAN) such as an Ethernet LAN. Router 551 is coupled to router 553 over a Wide Area Network (WAN) such as a Data Over Cable Service Information Specification (DOCSIS) system, Time Division Multiplex (TDM), Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM), Ethernet, or some other data network. Pico-cell relay 520 is coupled to router 552 over a LAN. Router 552 is coupled to router 553 over a WAN. Router 553 is coupled to Se-GW 538. The number and configuration of routers illustrated is representative and may vary.

To attract UEs, femto-cell relay 510, pico-cell relay 520, and macro-cell eNodeB 521 broadcast hop count data in their LTE SIBs. In addition, femto-cell relay 510, pico-cell relay 520, and macro-cell eNodeB 521 may broadcast multiple PLMN IDs based on their individual service capabilities.

Referring to the circled number one on FIG. 5, macro-cell eNodeB 521 broadcasts a PLMN ID of MACRO RELAY to attract wireless relays like femto-cell relay 510 and pico-cell relay 520. Macro-cell eNodeB 521 may also broadcast PLMN IDs for MACRO UE DATA and MACRO UE VOLTE to attract UEs like UE 501. Likewise, pico-cell relay 520 broadcasts PLMN IDs for PICO UE DATA, PICO UE VOLTE, and PICO RELAY. Femto-cell relay 510 broadcasts PLMN IDs for FEMTO UE DATA and FEMTO UE VOLTE. A PLMN ID is typically associated with one or more Access Point Names (APNs) that are selected by MME 532 and HSS 533 when a UE attaches using that PLMN ID.

To attract UEs using WIFI, femto-cell relay 510, pico-cell relay 520, and macro-cell eNodeB 521 may also broadcast various WIFI Service Set Identifiers (SSIDs). For example, a pico-cell SSID might be as simple as “PICO 420” or be more complex like “PICO 420 RELAY,” “PICO 420 UE DATA,” or “PICO 420 UE VOLTE.”

The relays may exchange wireless data communications using LTE/WIFI Aggregation (LWA). With LWA, the relays may communicate over unlicensed spectrum at 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or some other band. In addition, the relay may communicate over licensed spectrum between 0.3 GHz-3 GHz or some other band. Thus, the relays may communicate using LTE or WIFI over licensed or unlicensed spectrum.

FIG. 6 illustrates wireless relay 600. Wireless relay 600 is an example of wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141, femto-cell relay 510, pico-cell relay 520, and macro-cell eNodeB 521. Although these systems may use alternative configurations and operations. Wireless relay 600 comprises communication transceiver system 601 and processing system 603. Processing system 603 includes micro-processor circuitry 611 and memory 612 that stores software 613. Software 613 comprises software modules 614-616.

Communication transceiver system 601 comprises components that communicate over communication links such as network cards, ports, RF transceivers, processing circuitry and software, or some other communication components. Communication transceiver system 601 may be configured to communicate over metallic, wireless, or optical links. Communication transceiver system 601 may be configured to use TDM, IP, Ethernet, optical networking, wireless protocols, communication signaling, or some other communication format—including combinations thereof. Communication transceiver system 601 may receive and transfer registration requests. Communication transceiver system 601 may also be configured to communicate using wireless communication protocols such as LTE.

Processor circuitry 611 comprises microprocessor and other circuitry that retrieves and executes operating software 613 from memory 612. Processor circuitry 611 may comprise a single device or could be distributed across multiple devices—including devices in different geographic areas. Processor circuitry 611 may be embedded in various types of equipment. Examples of processor circuitry 611 include central processing units, application-specific processors, logic devices, and/or any type of computer processing devices—including combinations thereof.

Memory 612 comprises a non-transitory computer readable storage medium readable by processing system 603 and capable of storing software 613, such as a disk drive, flash drive, data storage circuitry, or some other hardware memory apparatus—including combinations thereof. Memory 612 can include volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data—including combinations thereof. Memory 612 may comprise a single device or could be distributed across multiple devices—including devices in different geographic areas. Memory 612 may be embedded in various types of equipment. In some examples, a computer apparatus could comprise memory 612 and software 613.

Software 613 comprises computer programs, firmware, or some other form of machine-readable processing instructions. Software 613 may include an operating system, utilities, drivers, network interfaces, applications, or some other type of software. In this example, software 613 comprises hop count module 614, SIB module 615, and attach module 616. Although software 613 could have alternative configurations in other examples.

Software 613 may be implemented in program instructions and may be executed by processing system 603. Software 613 may include additional processes, programs, or components, such as operating system software, database software, or application software—including combinations thereof. Software 613 may also comprise firmware or some other form of machine-readable processing instructions executable by processing system 603.

When executed, software 613 directs processing system 603 to operate as described herein to provide hop count data for UE selection of a wireless relay. In particular, hop count module 614 directs processing system 603 to wirelessly broadcast LTE SIBs indicating individual hop counts. SIB module 615 directs processing system 603 to wirelessly broadcast LTE SIBs indicating other network data such as RF data, Carrier Aggregation data, VoLTE data, service capabilities, Beam Forming data, and/or network data—including combinations thereof. Attach module 616 directs processing system 603 to receive UE attachments.

FIG. 7 illustrates User Equipment (UE) 700. UE 700 is an example of UEs 101-103 and UEs 501-503, although UEs 101-103 and UEs 501-503 could use alternative configurations. UE 700 comprises wireless communication transceiver system 702, processing system 703, and user interface 704. Processing system 703 is linked to wireless communication transceiver system 702 and user interface 704. Processing system 703 includes processing circuitry 711 and memory device 712 that stores operating software 713. UE 700 may include other well-known components such as a battery and enclosure that are not shown for clarity. UE 700 may be a telephone, cellular phone, mobile phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant (PDA), computer, laptop, tablet, e-book, mobile Internet appliance, media player, game console, wireless network interface card, or some other wireless communication apparatus—including combinations thereof.

Wireless communication transceiver system 702 comprises RF communication circuitry and an antenna. The RF communication circuitry typically includes an amplifier, filter, RF modulator, and signal processing circuitry. Wireless communication transceiver system 702 may also include a memory device, software, processing circuitry, or some other communication device. Wireless communication transceiver system 702 may use various communication formats, such as LTE, CDMA, EVDO, WIMAX, GSM, WIFI, HSPA, or some other wireless communication format—including combinations thereof.

User interface 704 comprises components that interact with a user to receive user inputs and to present media and/or information. User interface 704 may include a speaker, microphone, buttons, lights, display screen, touch screen, touch pad, scroll wheel, communication port, or some other user input/output apparatus—including combinations thereof. User interface 704 may be omitted in some examples.

Processing circuitry 711 comprises microprocessor and other circuitry that retrieves and executes operating software 807 from memory device 712. Memory device 712 comprises a non-transitory storage medium, such as a disk drive, flash drive, data storage circuitry, or some other memory apparatus. Processing circuitry 711 is typically mounted on a circuit board that may also hold memory device 712, portions of wireless communication transceiver system 702, and user interface 704. Software 713 comprises computer programs, firmware, or some other form of machine-readable processing instructions. Software 713 may include an operating system, utilities, drivers, network interfaces, applications, or some other type of software. When executed by processing circuitry 711, software 713 directs processing system 703 to operate user equipment 700 as described herein.

When executed, software 713 directs processing system 703 to operate as described herein to use hop count data and other network data to select a wireless relay. In particular, hop count module 714 directs processing system 703 to scan for hop count data in relay LTE SIBs. SIB module 715 directs processing system 703 to scan for network data in relay LTE SIBs. Attach module 716 directs processing system 703 to attach to the selected wireless relay. The wireless relay may be selected based on the requested service (i.e. VoLTE) in addition to hop count data. In other examples, the UE may select the wireless relay based on the number of users (i.e. load) or location (i.e.

closest wireless relay or strongest RF signal) in addition to hop count.

Referring back to FIG. 1, UEs 101-103 comprise Radio Frequency (RF) communication circuitry and an antenna. The RF communication circuitry typically includes an amplifier, filter, modulator, and signal processing circuitry. UEs 101-103 may also include a user interface, memory device, software, processing circuitry, or some other communication components. UEs 101-103 may be a telephone, computer, e-book, mobile Internet appliance, wireless network interface card, media player, game console, or some other wireless communication apparatus—including combinations thereof.

Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 comprise RF communication circuitry and an antenna. The RF communication circuitry typically includes an amplifier, filter, RF modulator, and signal processing circuitry. Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 may also comprise a router, server, memory device, software, processing circuitry, cabling, power supply, network communication interface, structural support, or some other communication apparatus. Wireless relays 121-123, 131-132, and 141 could be a femto-cell base station, pico-cell base station, WIFI hotspot, or some other wireless access point—including combinations thereof.

The above description and associated figures teach the best mode of the invention. The following claims specify the scope of the invention. Note that some aspects of the best mode may not fall within the scope of the invention as specified by the claims. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described above can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. As a result, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but only by the following claims and their equivalents. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of operating a wireless relay chain, the method comprising: a first wireless relay wirelessly attaching to a wireless base station and wirelessly broadcasting a first wireless hop count; a second wireless relay wirelessly receiving the first wireless hop count and wirelessly attaching to the first wireless relay; the second wireless relay incrementing the first wireless hop count to a second wireless hop count and wirelessly broadcasting the second wireless hop count; the first wireless relay wirelessly receiving first attachment requests from first User Equipment (UEs) responsive to the first wireless hop count and wirelessly exchanging first user data with the first UEs; and the second wireless relay wirelessly receiving second UE attachment requests from second UEs responsive to the second wireless hop count and wirelessly exchanging second user data with second UEs.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein: the first UEs transfer the first UE attachment requests responsive to the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the first wireless hop count; and the second UEs transfer the second UE attachment requests responsive to the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the second wireless hop count.
 3. The method of claim 2 further comprising: the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting a first wireless network identifier; and the second wireless relay wirelessly receiving the first wireless network identifier wherein the second wireless relay wirelessly attaching to the first wireless relay comprises the second wireless relay wirelessly attaching to the first wireless relay responsive to receiving the first wireless network identifier.
 4. The method of claim 3 further comprising: the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting a first wireless network identifier wherein the first UEs transfer the first UE attachment requests responsive to the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the first network identifier and the first wireless hop count; and the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting a second wireless network identifier wherein the second UEs transfer the second UE attachment requests responsive to the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the second network identifier and the second wireless hop count.
 5. The method of claim 3 further comprising: the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting a voice calling service identifier wherein the first UEs transfer the first UE attachment requests responsive to the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the voice calling service identifier and the first wireless hop count; and the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the voice calling service identifier wherein the second UEs transfer the second UE attachment requests responsive to the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the voice calling service identifier and the second wireless hop count.
 6. The method of claim 3 further comprising: the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting a video calling service identifier wherein the first UEs transfer the first UE attachment requests responsive to the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the video calling service identifier and the first wireless hop count; and the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the video calling service identifier wherein the second UEs transfer the second UE attachment requests responsive to the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the video calling service identifier and the second wireless hop count.
 7. The method of claim 1 wherein: the first wireless relay wirelessly attaching to the wireless base station comprises the first wireless relay wirelessly receiving a relay network identifier from the wireless base station; and the second wireless relay wirelessly attaching to the first wireless relay comprises the second wireless relay wirelessly receiving the relay network identifier from the first wireless relay.
 8. The method of claim 1 further comprising the first wireless relay wirelessly receiving a network identifier from the wireless base station and wherein the first wireless relay wirelessly attaching to the wireless base station comprises the first wireless relay wirelessly attaching to the wireless base station responsive to receiving the network identifier.
 9. The method of claim 1 wherein: the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the first wireless hop count comprises the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting a first System Information Block (SIB); and the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the second wireless hop count comprises the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting a second SIB.
 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the wireless base station comprises a macro-cell NodeB.
 11. A wireless relay chain comprising: a first wireless relay configured to wirelessly attach to a wireless base station and wirelessly broadcast a first wireless hop count; a second wireless relay configured to wirelessly receive the first wireless hop count and wirelessly attach to the first wireless relay; the second wireless relay configured to increment the first wireless hop count to a second wireless hop count and wirelessly broadcast the second wireless hop count; the first wireless relay configured to wirelessly receive first attachment requests from first User Equipment (UEs) responsive to the first wireless hop count and wirelessly exchange first user data with the first UEs; and the second wireless relay configured to wirelessly receive second UE attachment requests from second UEs responsive to the second wireless hop count and wirelessly exchange second user data with second UEs.
 12. The wireless relay chain of claim 11 wherein: the first UEs transfer the first UE attachment requests responsive to the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the first wireless hop count; and the second UEs transfer the second UE attachment requests responsive to the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the second wireless hop count.
 13. The wireless relay chain of claim 12 further comprising: the first wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast a first wireless network identifier; and the second wireless relay configured to wirelessly receive the first wireless network identifier and wirelessly attach to the first wireless relay responsive to receiving the first wireless network identifier.
 14. The wireless relay chain of claim 13 further comprising: the first wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast a first wireless network identifier wherein the first UEs transfer the first UE attachment requests responsive to the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the first network identifier and the first wireless hop count; and the second wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast a second wireless network identifier wherein the second UEs transfer the second UE attachment requests responsive to the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the second network identifier and the second wireless hop count.
 15. The wireless relay chain of claim 13 further comprising: the first wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast a voice calling service identifier wherein the first UEs transfer the first UE attachment requests responsive to the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the voice calling service identifier and the first wireless hop count; and the second wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast the voice calling service identifier wherein the second UEs transfer the second UE attachment requests responsive to the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the voice calling service identifier and the second wireless hop count.
 16. The wireless relay chain of claim 13 further comprising: the first wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast a video calling service identifier wherein the first UEs transfer the first UE attachment requests responsive to the first wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the video calling service identifier and the first wireless hop count; and the second wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast the video calling service identifier wherein the second UEs transfer the second UE attachment requests responsive to the second wireless relay wirelessly broadcasting the video calling service identifier and the second wireless hop count.
 17. The wireless relay chain of claim 11 wherein: the first wireless relay is configured to wirelessly receive a relay network identifier from the wireless base station to wirelessly attach to the wireless base station; and the second wireless relay is configured to wirelessly receive the relay network identifier from the first wireless relay to wirelessly attach to the first wireless relay.
 18. The wireless relay chain of claim 11 further comprising the first wireless relay wirelessly configured to receive a network identifier from the wireless base station and wirelessly attach to the wireless base station responsive to receiving the network identifier.
 19. The wireless relay chain of claim 11 wherein: the first wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast the first wireless hop count in a first System Information Block (SIB); and the second wireless relay configured to wirelessly broadcast the second wireless hop count in a second SIB.
 20. The wireless relay chain of claim 11 wherein the wireless base station comprises a macro-cell NodeB. 